BURMA: The new strong man of civilian authority remains under the control of the military junta

The Burmese junta is dead, long live the Burmese junta? Few people are indeed stupid. While the military has handed over the keys to power Wednesday in Thein Sein, outgoing Prime Minister and now President of Parliament. He heads the new civilian government, supposedly the result of "7 Steps to a disciplined democracy". A program decided by the military junta shortly after the adoption of the new constitution in 2008 and peaked with disputed elections in November 2010.

Parliament, which is derived largely composed of retired military.But according to that constitution, the Association for Development and Solidarity, headed by Than Shwe, the junta leader since 1992, which controls the main levers of the country.

"There is no cause for celebration, the military junta turns into a dictatorship just civil," says FRANCE 24 Anna Roberts, director of Burma Campaign UK charity. The ceremony is only a "communication operation," said Anne Roberts, for giving a facelift to a dictatorship that has lasted nearly 50 years.

In 1962 the military took power following a coup. General Ne Win becomes the strongman of the junta that installed at all levels of public life.Nationalization of the economy and mass media, persecution of minorities and widespread corruption mark his twenty years of reign. 300 000 Indians fled the country during this period.

An authoritarian regime, a corrupt country

It is also the one who invented the little facelift midterm. Indeed, in 1974, Ne Win decided to resign ... to head a new civilian government largely modeled on the single party in the former USSR.

Than Shwe, who succeeded Ne Win in 1992, so which to keep. "In fact, it's one of those examples where the new dictator is worse than its predecessor," said Anna Roberts.General Than Shwe, which reinstates a military regime, appears to be a kind of paranoid despot as some call crazy influenced by his advisors, astrologers and others, like Anna Roberts, take "a great manipulator."

One thing is for sure. Than Shwe years have exacerbated the regime's authoritarian tendencies. In the late 1990s, the International Monetary Fund has described the country bankrupt state. Burma, along with Somalia, most corrupt country in the world by Transparency International and the International Organization estimates that nearly 800,000 people are subjected to forced labor.

The power cuts also definitely the people.Than Shwe moved in 2005, the capital 300 kilometers from Rangoon, where he built a city called Naypyidaw ("seat of kings"). The master of the junta also refused to speak to the foreign press and not meet with officials from other countries only on rare occasions. This life in an ivory tower became public during the flooding caused by a deadly cyclone in 2008. Than Shwe not only makes no public appearances but he refuses even to international aid. Like North Korea, the country is now officially cut off from the world.

Boundless hatred

Politically, the military junta does not want to hear about democracy, except in its sauce.Than Shwe is known, according to a biography of journalist and human rights Benedict Rogers ("Than Shwe: Burma unmask the tyrant", Ed), devote a boundless hatred for Aung San Suu Kyi. The very name of the opponent and Nobel peace in 1991 would rage. Since 1990 and the cancellation of elections won by the party of Aung San Suu Kyi, the power harasses his most famous opponent. It is officially free in his movements since July 2010 after years under house arrest and prison.

In 2007, the junta has also faced another test of democracy. A series of events in September, led by monks, demand more freedom.The military then crush these uprisings.

It was after this move that the authority has begun the process that culminated on Wednesday, the transfer of power to civilian authorities. "They hope that this gesture will push the international community to lift some economic sanctions," said Anna Roberts.

LIBYA: The insurgency took over the city of Brega and continues its westward offensive

The rebels have resumed Saturday Ajdabiya strategic towns in eastern and Brega in Libya, their first major victories since the start of the international military intervention against the forces of the regime of Muammar Gaddafi a week ago.

Strong military support international air cons pro-Qaddafi, the insurgents took control in quick lock Strategic Ajdabiya, 160 km south of Benghazi, a stronghold of the opposition, then the oil city of Brega 80 km further west, according to local journalists.

The forces of Colonel Qaddafi faced since February 15 in an insurgency that has unprecedented attempt to suppress the blood, have deserted their positions under cover of darkness, leaving the Rebels celebrate their reconquest Ajdabiyah drawing in the air and honking.

"The clashes were continuing Friday and then everything stopped around 23:30. And at midnight, the men went to Gaddafi," said one resident, Omar Bashi. "The rebels entered the city shortly after.It was time, we had only rice to eat for several days. "

The fighting, according to the rebellion, nine dead and nine wounded, while outside the city, the bodies of at least 21 fighters pro-Gaddafi were collected, according to medical sources. Other bodies, some charred or dismembered by bombs, still lay in the desert.

"Ajdabiya is 100% under the control of our forces and our forces go after Gaddafi Brega on the road," he said Saturday morning, a spokesman for the insurgents in Benghazi, Chamsiddin Abdoulmolah.

Late afternoon, the rebels claimed to have taken Brega, according to a reporter traveling with them.

"We are in the center of Brega.Gaddafi's forces have retreated and are now al-Bicher (30 km further west) and we move into this area, "said one rebel fighters, Abdelsalam al-Maadani.

Hitherto disorganized and inefficient, the insurgents took advantage of the coalition air support to resume the offensive.

The raids have "prepared the battlefield", and experienced officers and soldiers who joined the rebellion played a major role, "said Abdoulmolah.These soldiers have coordinated their attacks with the coalition, which came into action between the air strikes.

Asked about a Washington Post article claiming that the coalition was planning to send arms to the insurgents, one of their spokesman, Ahmed Khalifa, said that no deliveries had taken place at the moment but that these weapons would be welcome.

Meanwhile, the coalition has not released its pressure. It launched raids Friday night and into the night on the town of Zliten (west) and the Al-Wati (west).It also bombed a military site at Tajura, a suburb east of Tripoli, a target area on a daily basis.

President Barack Obama welcomed the developments, saying that the international mission in Libya was "targeted and being successful.""A humanitarian catastrophe has been averted and the lives of countless innocent civilians, men, women and children, were rescued."

According to an official of the Libyan Ministry of Health, the coalition raids killed at least 114 dead and 445 wounded from Sunday to Wednesday, mainly in Tripoli and its suburbs.

Despite his combative tone returns, the Gaddafi regime was willing to accept an African plan providing for the cessation of fighting and a dialogue for a "transition" democratic.

But at the same time, his forces are still trying to recapture the town of Misrata, rebel stronghold in the west, continuing their bombardment, according to a witness.Since Benghazi, the rebels have asked the international community to come to the aid of Misrata.

And the rebels have rejected the African initiative. "The only way to resolve this conflict is that Gaddafi and his son are brought to justice for crimes against humanity," said Khalifa. Mr.Gaddafi, in power for 42 years, maintains a defiant and refuses to go away.

Military intervention by the international coalition also wants policy, while the leader of the National Transitional Council reaffirmed the opposition grouping does not want to "foreign forces" on Libyan soil.

With the approach of a first meeting of the Contact Group in London on Tuesday, French President Nicolas Sarkozy announced "a Franco-British initiative" for a political solution. Italy has also announced it would present a plan during the summit.

The conduct of operations, NATO countries agreed to take immediate relay of the Coalition for the no-fly zone, but not for ground strikes.Negotiations should continue on Sunday that Nato will soon take all the operations in hand.

The Russian ambassador to NATO, Dmitry Rogozin, whose country criticized the international response, said a ground invasion would be tantamount to occupation.

Find the events of Saturday, March 26 in Libya, Syria and elsewhere in the Arab world with our Liveblogging here.

Liveblogging: Follow live events in Libya and the Arab world

Latest Highlights in Libya:

In a statement released Tuesday, the Libyan leader said his country was "ready for battle, whether long or short," adding: "We will win this battle." The intervention of Western armies has grounded the Libyan planes and halted the advance of troops Gaddafi to Benghazi, a stronghold of insurgents. However, the rebels fail to gain ground. Paris, Washington and London have agreed that NATO could play a "key role" in the command of future operations in Libya. Relatives of Colonel Muammar Gaddafi came into contact with allies in Libya to find an exit to the conflict, said Tuesday the U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton on ABC.

If you want to follow the liveblogging from a smartphone, click here.

LIBYA: At the UN, French diplomacy against the Libyan equation

The approval by the Security Council of UN resolution 1973, Thursday, marks something of a return to the forefront of French diplomacy. On the antenna of FRANCE 24, Foreign Minister Alain Juppe reiterated that "France [works] to convince his partners" for "days, if not weeks."

The insistence of France vis-à-vis the international community has borne fruit.After the decision of the Security Council of UN, Libya announced Friday its intention to immediately comply with UN orders by putting "an end to all military operations" and observing "an immediate cease- fire ".

If this latest development is confirmed on the ground, it could be a proven success for French diplomacy.However, the positions of Paris supported for this procedure is complex to decipher.

Since the official recognition of the Libyan National Transitional Council (CNT) as the sole legitimate representative of the Libyan people (March 10), Paris has stepped up calls for military intervention.

Particularly, this position contrasts sharply with the attitude of French diplomacy at recent Arab uprisings - in Tunisia and Egypt.The Quai d'Orsay was then multiplied the blunders, from the point of discrediting the entire French diplomacy and deface Paris's position on these issues.

A position to assume

Reached by France24.com Eugene Rogan, director of the Center for Middle East Studies at the University of Oxford, said that Paris had no other choice but to "continue its efforts" to address the problem Jamahiriya: "France has taken a very surprising recognizing a government instead of a state.It seems that from the time when President Sarkozy has legitimized the CNT, unpredictably, [...] France could not afford to be the only major countries not to recognize the regime of Gaddafi ".

Repeated calls from the Quai d'Orsay for an international consensus had finally paid off. But the question of whether early recognition of the CNT was part of an overall strategy to put pressure on the international community continue to arise.

For Eugene Rogan, it is likely that France was forced to assume its partners a hasty decision, "President Sarkozy is very unpredictable and can be very spontaneous.When he recognized the CNT, it seems he did not consult its partners in Europe and America. "

Nevertheless, "it is very difficult to know for what purpose France decided to recognize the CNT. "Maybe she had received assurances on the award of contracts in exchange for his support. If this is a tenable hypothesis, there is nothing to verify it. I do not see any other explanation, "he develops.

However, the image of French diplomacy ultra responsive, which would cleverly controlled his skid, is not unanimously shared.According to Jean Dufourcq, a researcher at the Ecole Militaire in Paris and former director of the Research Centre of the College of Defence of NATO, "France shares the idea that it must intervene when a population suffered an attack of its leader, especially if the process takes place in an area directly concerning. "

This strategic aspect, which aims to protect the Mediterranean against a threat of destabilization, is a major factor to decrypt the French position on the issue of Libya, said Jean Dufourcq, whose reasoning supports the thesis of a controlled strategy from the beginning by Paris. "Behind the scenes, it is likely that the project was on the table for a month.Since the establishment of a military process requires a lot of work beforehand. "

The hexagonal frontline diplomacy

Rest in obtaining approval of an intervention in Libya, France was left to the initiative of a major operation. For now, the Quai d'Orsay has limited interventions. The government spokesman Baroin confirmed Friday morning that military strikes would occur "within hours" and that the French military "will participate".

For Jean Dufourcq, this vagueness is part of Paris by a certain continuity: "We have just concluded the political stage of this operation. Now open the military aspect, namely the establishment of the process, says he said.If France did not rule on a specific schedule is that the UN is in a logic of 'surprise military'. If the humanitarian need is unquestionable, the strategy calls for hitting at the right time. "

As a prelude to the Council vote, Alain Juppe had evoked a quick response, saying it was "a matter of days, [...] may be a matter of hours." Since no information has filtered out about it.

Respect of staff and military means that each country involved could make available to the coalition, they have still not been disclosed.

JAPAN: The use of nuclear power challenged by the accident in Fukushima

While Japan is struggling to avoid a major nuclear accident, the anti-nuclear protest in Europe is growing and gaining political ground. Demonstrations against the atom have collected several thousand people this weekend in Germany, and a few hundred people in Paris and the United Kingdom. Monday, at a time when new explosions resounded in the Fukushima-Daiichi plant - the unit closest to the epicenter of the earthquake that devastated Japan March 11 and was severely damaged by the tsunami that s 'is followed - many governments do not hide their concern.

Worldwide, the problems occurred at the Fukushima plant caused a chain reaction. "The accident in Japan has changed the world.We must ask ourselves an industry that was previously considered safe, "has released a German radio Gunther Oettinger, European Commissioner for Energy, before calling for a summit devoted to European nuclear safety.

Austria, it has required that tests be conducted on the European nuclear power plants to assess their resistance in case of earthquake. In the process, Germany has announced it does not ultimately lengthen the life of his own, going against a controversial decision it had taken last year.Switzerland, meanwhile, has suspended plans to renew its facilities, while India has ordered the audit of all its atomic plants.

The United Kingdom, which was considering him an important stimulus for its nuclear industry now seems to want to take time to reflect before embarking on such a project while in the United States, legislators have called for a moratorium on atomic energy.

A serious setback for the global nuclear industry

Finally in France, the second largest producer of nuclear energy worldwide, the government has reacted more lukewarm, excluding question his energy policy.The Environment Minister Nathalie Kosciusko-Morizet, had nice talk "very serious nuclear accident" and "high risk of catastrophe", she also advised to "avoid falling into the runaway at European Union ". Sunday night on RTL, Henri Guaino, special advisor to Nicolas Sarkozy, has even gone so far as to say that the accident at the Fukushima plant "should instead promote the French nuclear industry, which is characterized" by its concern security ".

Yet the Japanese crisis represents a serious setback for the global nuclear industry.Monday morning, concern has spread to stock markets, as evidenced in Paris, the fall in prices - 8% and 4% respectively - the French group Areva, the world's nuclear and EDF, the first nuclear electrician world. A fall that, officially, does not worry unduly Areva: "This is the law of the market, these reactions to hot", indicated in the day Monday a spokesman for the group. It is true that after the disasters at Three Mile Island in 1979 and Chernobyl in 1986, the global nuclear industry had finally overcome.

"A before and after Fukushima"

Within the French nuclear group, however, the atmosphere is not as serene sought to suggest."For the moment we are waiting," said a company employee who wishes to remain anonymous. It is a crossroads for nuclear. If the reactors [the central Fukushima] take, it help to demonstrate the robustness of the facilities and to demonstrate that risks are taken into account. But if it goes wrong, there may be an impact on the prospects for nuclear development and its commercial opportunities. Be that as it may, the psychological impact on people will be striking and is likely to revive debate on the acceptability of nuclear power. "

For anti-nuclear organizations and the European Green parties anyway, the debate is (re) started and the battle is just beginning."There will be a before and after Fukushima, as there was a before and after Chernobyl," said Xavier Rabilloud example, spokesman for the network Sortir du nucléaire. For him, the "requests for verification of nuclear states are made by a clear admission that the safety in nuclear power is an illusion and that no one can keep the population from nuclear accidents.

Liveblogging: Back on the events of Thursday in Libya and the Arab world

REUTERS - The cons-offensive Libyan forces to take over the city fell three weeks ago at the hands of insurgents hostile to the regime of Muammar Gaddafi continued Thursday as the West is still hesitating on how to support them.

The head of U.S. intelligence, James Clapper, has predicted that the forces Gaddafi, the better equipped than the rebels, would eventually prevail.Colonel Gaddafi is ready for a long struggle, he said, and nothing suggests that he relinquish power.

Saif al Islam Gaddafi's son, has confirmed that the time had come to launch a full military offensive against insurgents and negotiations with them were out of question.

France became the first Western power to recognize the National Council of Libya (NOC) in Benghazi proclaimed by the insurgents.London followed a similar line, calling the NOC a "valid interlocutor" with which he wished
"Working closely".

But EU foreign ministers meeting in Brussels, even if they have reaffirmed their desire to see Qaddafi from power, appeared divided on this issue.

The representative of European diplomacy, Catherine Ashton, said that one should not rush "of matter in the unilateral recognition of certain groups."

"From our perspective, any recognition should be conducted by the Arab League and discussed at the UN.This is not to be a unilateral decision, "said his spokesman.

Tanks, airplanes, ships bombard Ras Lanuf

Catherine Ashton, who attended a simultaneous meeting of defense ministers of NATO in the Belgian capital, also argues that any European initiative on
establishing a no-fly zone in Libya should be taken in close coordination with the UN and the Arab League.

The secretary general of NATO, Anders Fogh Rasmussen, said any military operation, including the establishment of such a zone should meet three criteria: the need
demonstrable intervention, a clear mandate and support in the region.

The EU summit to be held Friday, still in Brussels, France would propose a strategic action plan to stop the murderous repression of the uprising in Libya, said one of the emissaries of the NLC received in the morning by the
President Nicolas Sarkozy.

Field, east of Tripoli, tanks, aircraft and ships bombed the Libyan insurgent positions in Ras Lanuf, which houses a major oil terminal, has reported
a rebel, citing several deaths.

The official TV announced that insurgents had been driven out of port and airport Es Sider, another oil terminal, 40 km west of Ras Lanuf.

Insurgents have also reported an airstrike on Mars el Brega, a third oil terminal, located 90 km east of Ras Lanuf, suggesting that the loyalists have not
only stopped the progression of anti-Gaddafi westward but regained ground towards their eastern strongholds.

Zaouïah surrounded on all sides

Even if the fighting around the oil terminals in the Gulf of Sirte rage, there is no indication that Gadhafi forces seeking to destroy their facilities.But oil prices nonetheless continue to soar.

The Libyan authorities repress the tanker ports because of the depletion of oil deposits due to supply disruptions because of fighting.

To the west, the loyalist forces encircled the town devastated Zaouiah, about fifty kilometers from the capital, where insurgents continue to resist despite the
deadly fighting in recent days.

"The government forces surround Zaouïah everywhere. We do not know who controls the center. It changes all the time.Battles are fought street by street, "reported an exile who has been in contact with a relative in
suburbs of the city.

The insurgents, carried far by the hope that they could enter their lead in Tripoli from their stronghold in Benghazi, now admit their difficulties in
holding their own against an opponent with a superior firepower.

The deadly weapons of Gaddafi

"Gadhafi could prevail. With planes, tanks, mortars and rockets. It would be nice that there is a no-fly zone," said an insurgent.

The U.S. Department of Defense said examine "a range" of military options, including such a zone.U.S. General Raymond Odierno said that in case of international consensus, the establishment of this zone would only take 48 hours.

But, noting, too, the need for a green light from the international community, Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton has ruled out any unilateral action by Washington, which it says could have "unpredictable consequences".

She also expressed the concern of the United States to the possible possession of chemical weapons by the Gaddafi regime, and other "things dreaded" it might have in his arsenal.

In Geneva, the Committee inernational of the Red Cross said that Libya was plunging into a civil war with mounting casualties.

The outgoing coalition won the legislative

REUTERS - The center-right coalition to power in Estonia, Country came in January in the euro area after a harsh recession, has largely won parliamentary elections Sunday.

After counting 97% of votes, the Reform Party of Prime Minister Andrus Ansip wins 33 seats out of 101 in the new parliament and its partner, the Union Pro Patria and Res Republica, gets 23, ensuring the coalition an absolute majority, with five more seats in the outgoing assembly.

Analysts expect that the small Baltic country of 1.3 million people stick to the austerity policy that allowed him in January to become the 17th member state of the euro-zone government debt the lowest in the EU.

The Centre Party, main opposition, has been affected by allegations that he solicited funds in Russia, great neighbor that Estonians generally viewed with suspicion. The party officials have denied those rumors.

The Social Democrats, meanwhile, had joined the government after the 2007 elections but the alliance was broken.

The government Ansip was a minority for some time, but defections on smaller parties had come to give it 51 seats in parliament.

Estonia has been facing one of the worst recessions in the EU, with its economy shrank by 14% in 2009.Only its Baltic neighbors, the
Latvia and Lithuania, have experienced worse in the EU.

The country has implemented austerity measures to redress public finances and adopt the euro.

Estonia remains one of the poorest countries of the Union, which she joined in 2004 as well as NATO. But its fiscal situation is sound. The European Commission predicts its total budget deficit of the public sector of 1.6% of GDP for 2011, which corresponds to the average of the euro area.

The state debt, projected at 9.5% of GDP this year will be by far the lowest in the euro zone where the average is in the field to 86.5% of GDP. The Government is committed to achieving a balanced budget by 2014.

Wikileaks: The Bradley Manning soldier accused of collusion with the enemy "

The American military justice has added 22 new charges against the soldier Bradley Manning, a former military intelligence analyst accused of pirating hundreds of thousands of federal documents that were found on Wikileaks.

Manning would illegally obtaining these records while serving in Iraq.He is held in Quantico, a basic body of U.S. Marines in Virginia.

In a statement, the military said Wednesday that the new charges against him include in particular the charges of aiding the enemy and participation in the unlawful disclosure of information on the Internet.

Bradley Manning, who is 23 years old, had already been prosecuted for such downloaded and sent to an unauthorized person confidential video of the attack in 2007 in Baghdad by a U.S. military helicopter.Ten
people were killed, including two employees of Reuters.

The army says it will not claim the death penalty against Manning, even if the charge of aiding the enemy is punishable by death. But the former analyst risk life imprisonment.

His trial was postponed time that a commission's decision on his mental state.

Julian Assange, the Australian founder of the website Wikileaks, has denied knowing Bradley Manning. He accuses the U.S. of using the detained soldier to build a case against him.